PYQ trend analysis

What Sociology Optional actually asks — 2009 to 2025.

Every one of our 907 previous-year questions, tagged to the official syllabus and counted. Use this to decide what to revise first, what never gets skipped, and which thinkers you cannot afford to be shaky on.

Where the marks have been recently

Topics ranked by how many questions they drew in the last five years — the sharpest signal for the next paper.

  1. 7. Politics and SocietyPaper I19 in last 5 yrs · 59 all-time
  2. 4. Sociological ThinkersPaper I18 in last 5 yrs · 75 all-time
  3. 3. Research Methods and AnalysisPaper I16 in last 5 yrs · 41 all-time
  4. Industrialization and Urbanisation in IndiaPaper II16 in last 5 yrs · 40 all-time
  5. 5. Stratification and MobilityPaper I14 in last 5 yrs · 50 all-time
  6. 10. Social Change in Modern SocietyPaper I14 in last 5 yrs · 47 all-time
  7. 8. Religion and SocietyPaper I13 in last 5 yrs · 41 all-time
  8. 6. Works and Economic LifePaper I13 in last 5 yrs · 35 all-time
  9. 9. Systems of KinshipPaper I12 in last 5 yrs · 45 all-time
  10. Challenges of Social TransformationPaper II12 in last 5 yrs · 39 all-time

Paper I — topic by year

Darker cells mean more questions from that topic in that year. Totals are on the right.

Syllabus topic0910111213141516171819202122232425All
4. Sociological Thinkers5534685435454435275
7. Politics and Society2345443332434345359
5. Stratification and Mobility1222323434823332350
10. Social Change in Modern Society1352423232242423347
9. Systems of Kinship2132442333332232345
8. Religion and Society2313223333123233241
3. Research Methods and Analysis1222123332222442441
6. Works and Economic Life323112222223233235
2. Sociology as Science2112123233132211333
1. Sociology — The Discipline1121211222123222330
Population Dynamics11

Paper II — topic by year

Darker cells mean more questions from that topic in that year. Totals are on the right.

Syllabus topic0910111213141516171819202122232425All
Social Movements in Modern India2232454334221223145
Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society353523522231221243
Industrialization and Urbanisation in India2121221322333433340
Challenges of Social Transformation1113323242414122339
Caste System132143223213432238
Systems of Kinship in India221523323222223137
Rural and Agrarian Transformation in India1121321432123321234
Politics and Society (India)21211122232323229
Visions of Social Change in India13112212232213228
Tribal Communities in India21322331221111126
Population Dynamics213222112111221226
Social Classes in India12112111123319
Religion and Society (India)11111131121111118
Rural and Agrarian Social Structure1111121113215
Impact of Colonial Rule on Indian Society122211413

Most-tested thinkers

How often each thinker is central to a question. Master the top of this list before anything else.

See all thinkers ranked by exam frequency →

Most-tested concepts

The vocabulary the examiner keeps returning to.

  • patriarchy35
  • verstehen28
  • identity politics26
  • sanskritisation26
  • positivism24
  • informal sector23
  • sexual division of labour22
  • dominant caste21
  • social mobility21
  • civil society19
  • relative deprivation19
  • social exclusion19
  • reflexivity17
  • social security16
  • value neutrality16
  • son preference15
  • communalism14
  • objectivity14
  • rationalisation14
  • purity and pollution13
  • sacred and profane13
  • agrarian class structure12
  • alienation12
  • annihilation of caste12

Mark distribution

The paper has changed shape over the years — older papers carried long 60-mark essays, recent ones settle on 10 and 20 marks. Practise the format you will actually face.

  • 4 marks4 questions
  • 10 marks412 questions
  • 12 marks30 questions
  • 14 marks1 questions
  • 15 marks30 questions
  • 20 marks366 questions
  • 30 marks59 questions
  • 60 marks5 questions

Turn this into revision