Thinker
Keith Hart
Keith Hart is central to 8 previous-year questions, spanning 2011 to 2025 across Paper I and Paper II. Everything below is drawn from the official papers — the questions themselves, the concepts they test, and where they sit in the syllabus.
8Questions
2011–25Years tested
I & IIPaper
2Syllabus topics
Concepts asked alongside Keith Hart
What the examiner actually wants you to know when this name appears.
informal sector 5informalisation of labour 3social security 3dualism 2precarious work 2precarity 2social security deficit 2casualisationcircular migrationclass consciousnessdualism of labour marketsformal organisation of workformal sectorinformal economyinformal organisation of workjob insecuritylabour informalisationlabour market dualism
Where Keith Hart appears in the syllabus
Every question on Keith Hart
Each links to a full breakdown — how to approach it, a model answer, and the examiner’s perspective.
2016
2012
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